Source Of Managerial Power - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 537 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/09/25 Category Uncategorized Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Name: Osei Bonsu Richard ID: 227/11 Course: Principles Of Management Question: Identify five (5) sources of power in Business organisation. Ans. There have been various definitions on power in business organisation. Power is a force of influence and authority. Most leaders wield power, but how power is manifested and used often differs between leaders. Where does a leader get power from? Or do a leader’s followers give it to them? Well it’s both. According to a former political science professor at Yale University â€Å"Robert A. Dahl†, he described power as a relationship between two people in the following terms: person A getting person B to do what person A wants them to do. This simple outlook on power has become one of the most widely used definitions, although there are many variations to it. Managerial power is the ability to control employees, resources, decisions, knowledge, technology and workplace rules. SOURCES OF POWER IN BUSINESS ORGANIS ATION MANAGEMENT According to the 1960 study Bases of Social Power by John R. P. French and Bertram Raven, there were five sources of power in management: reward, legitimate, coercive, referent, and expert. Although all of these sources of power influence subordinates, the amount of influence is affected by the employees dependency on the manager. The greater the employee dependency on what the manager provides the employee, the greater the power the manager holds over the employee. Reward Power 1. The theory of reward power relies on the belief that employees are more likely to perform their job at a high level if they know rewards are contingent on their performance. Managers have the power to control the allocation of these rewards, which can include pay raises, bonuses, days off, awards or recognition. Legitimate Power 2. Legitimate power is the most simple and basic source of power in management. This managerial power stems mainly from the formal position or role of the manager in the company. The power and influence of the manager is seen as fair and legitimate by the employee because the power is derived from the managers position, experience or status. Coercive Power 3. Coercive power is a source of power that relies on an employees high dependency on his job, current pay and benefits. Managers try to intimidate employees with reprimand or punishments such as losing their job or being demoted; this source of power leaves employees no choice but to perform well or risk losing their job. Referent Power 4. Referent power is based on the relationship of the manager and employee. With this source of power, employees will work hard and respond well to a managers use of power because of a positive working relationship, strong emotional bonds or a physical attraction. The source of referent power is more of an employee choice rather than a managerial style or ploy. Expert Power Expert power is the source of power that every manager should strive t o achieve. With expert power, an employee trusts and believes in everything a manager tells or asks of them because they see the manager as having great expertise in the specific area of business. Managers can get employees to do almost any activity to help the business because of the employees respect of the managers expertise and experience. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Source Of Managerial Power" essay for you Create order

How Marketing Strategy For Green Marketing Essay - 1267 Words

THINGS TO KEEP IN MIND WHILE GREEN MARKETING ARE:- 1. KNOW YOU RE CUSTOMER: Make sure if the consumers are aware of about the issues that your company attempts to address. For example:- Whirlpool learned the hard way that consumers wouldn t pay extra for a CFC-free refrigerator because consumers didn‘t know what CFCs were 2. SPREADING AWARENESS IN CUSTOMERS: It is important for the customers to be made aware about the green product. It is also important to educate them about why the company is adopting that method so that it becomes a general concern and not only from business point of view. 3. BEING TRANSPARENT: This means that the company has to be genuine about how the process in the company is taking place for the green marketing campaign and that the rest of the business policies are also transparent as to what they want to be doing for the environment. Both of these are necessary for the success of the business. 4. REASSURE THE CONSUMER: It is required for the marketer to assure the consumers that the green campaign is not just a strategy to make more profit but for genuine benefit of the nature. 5. CONSIDER YOUR PRICING: If charging a premium for the product it should be made sure that consumers feel its worth it and are ready to spend on it. 6. GIVE CUSTOMERS AN OPPORTUNITY TO PARTICIPATE: This means that the company is suppose to give the customers an opportunity to participate in the positive things for the environment so they can feel involved.Show MoreRelatedGreen Marketing : Think Before You Act Essay1326 Words   |  6 Pages3.3 Case 3: Green Marketing; Think Before You Act 3.3.1 Introduction The report entitled Green Marketing: Think Before You Act; a primer for businesses ready to share their sustainability story is taken from Strategic Sustainability Consulting published in April 2012 which is written by Davinder Aulakh. 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Effective Communication Barriers

Question: Discuss about theEffective Communication Barriers. Answer: Introduction Communication is the major form of connecting people from one end to another. Communication plays a big role not only in the field of businesses but also in social life. Basically there are two types of communication one is verbal another one is non verbal. The whole process starts from the sender who sends the message and ends with the receiver who receives the message (Koneru, 2010). Sometimes the whole communication process disturbs due to the effect of some elements and we consider these acts as barriers to effective communication. In this essay it is going to be discussing about those elements which acts as barriers to communication process. We will pick three major elements and discuss how these acts as barriers to communication process with respect to social and business field and lastly in conclusion where discussion will be made on final findings. Following are the Three Elements that act as Barriers to Effective Communication: Sender Barrier: Now days due to the globalization diverse communitys people are uniting in one place for doing a task in business organizations even in societies different communitys people have started living in one place. Not all people speak same language, therefore English language is considered as the most common and acceptable language in all business organizations, Due to the difference in language people dont understand what the other person is saying or the receiver may not be able to decode the actual meaning of those words what the sender is sending in the form of message this affects the interpersonal relationships between employees in the organization (Jureddi Brahmaiah, 2016). Not only this but also some times a sender may not able to speak properly in meetings or may not be able to deliver his speech in front of big audience due to the nervousness or criticism fear. This may results in barriers to effective communication (Lunenburg, 2010). Medium Barriers: Medium is another form of barrier in effective communication process, medium is the source through which a message or information get transferred from one place to another (Ramesh Ramesh, 2013). In many cases face to face communication for transferring a message is important, suppose a staff or a person sends an e-mail or a letter for that particular communication where face to face communication is necessary in that case effective communication will not happen rather it will become a barrier to the communication process because the actual source of medium has not been chosen for that particular communication process (Lunenburg, 2010). Decoding Barrier: Decoding means when a message or information is decoded by a receiver and the meaning of that message understood by the receiver (Ramesh Ramesh, 2013). Sometimes due to an improper decoding of message communication process get affected. There are some special words used in organizations to convey message from one end to another these are called Jargons suppose a newly appointed staff who does not have experience will face difficulties in understanding of meaning of those jargons, therefore it will lead to a decoding barrier to communication process. (Lunenburg, 2010). Conclusion From the above discussion it has cleared that conveying message or information clearly or fluently in oral form and using of appropriate word while writing a message is quite essential for effective communication, otherwise this can become barrier to communication process; because effective communication plays a key role for the success of any business organization even for our social life it is important in the aspect of better understandings in personal and interpersonal relationships and for better knowing of each others culture. References Jureddi, D. N., Brahmaiah, N. (2016). Barriers to Effective Communication. Journal of English Language and Literature, 3, 114-115. Koneru, A. (2010). Professional Communication. New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill. Lunenburg, F. C. (2010). Communication: The Process, Barriers, and Improving Effectiveness. Ramesh, G., Ramesh, M., (2013). The Ace of Soft Skills. Noida: Pearson.

Therapeutic Nursing for Effective Communication- MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theTherapeutic Nursing for Effective Communication. Answer: Introduction Therapeutic care is a recommended skill in nursing. All nurses should use therapeutic skills in order to deliver satisfactory services to the patients. Therapeutic nursing and care is essential because it can help in improving the quality of services provided to the patients (Bramhall, 2014). The purpose of this paper is to analyze therapeutic nursing and therapeutic care as well as the features of therapeutic nursing and how a nurse can implement therapeutic care strategies when attending to a patient. Features of Therapeutic Nursing and how they can be Implemented Therapeutic care and nursing is important in practice because it can benefit the nurse in many ways. Most importantly, therapeutic care can enable a nurse to create a cordial relationship with the patent. Besides, therapeutic can be relied upon to improve the self-worth of the patent and encourage them to feel free and have trust in the nurse. Last. But not least, therapeutic care is important because it can enable the nurse to acquire useful information that can be relied upon to make important, reasonable and accurate decision regarding the patient. To achieve all these goals, a nurse should possess certain therapeutic care competencies (Casella, 2015). There are many features of therapeutic care such as rapport, trust, critical listening; empathy; cultural sensitivity; respect; and competencies in the use of verbal and non-verbal care, and properly apply them as outlined here. Critical Listening Critical listening is a key element of therapeutic nursing that should be possessed by all the nurses who are committed to the delivery of therapeutic care to the patient. A critical listener is a person who creates time for another one to talk and allow them to talk without unnecessary interruptions. A nurse should be a critical listener because by critically listening to a patient, it can be much easier to win their confidence (Shipley, 2010). Besides, it can make the patent to feel respected and recognized because they are allowed to say whatever issue they have. Human beings are people who prefer to be listened to because it can make them to feel great and valuable. Critical listening can be implemented during nursing care by taking a number of steps first a nurse should take time to lend her ear to the patient. All patients should be given adequate time to talk to the nurse and explain every pond that they have. At the same time, the patents should be allowed to ask any relevant question that they might be having. Besides, a nurse should implement critical listening technique by becoming keen when communicating with the patient. All the points or questions given by the patient should be properly understood and accurately responded to (Bramhall, 2014). At the same time, a therapeutic nurse should not interrupt the patient because it can discourage them. Unnecessary interruptions can be a sign of rudeness. In fact, it can make the patent to be demoralized and feel discouraged because they are not given an opportunity to express themselves regarding the matters which relate to their personal heath. Empathy Empathy is a characteristic of therapeutic nursing which refers to the feeling of care and concern to the patient. An empathetic nurse is therefore a professional who has ability to understand and share the feelings, emotions and experiences of the patient. It is an important skill that should be applied during the delivery of therapeutic care because it can benefit the nurse in different ways (Zarzycka, ?lusarska, Dobrowolska, Deluga, Trojanowska Barto?, 2016). Apart from giving a nurse an opportunity to understand what the patient is going through, empathy can able a nurse to have a strong feeling of care and be committed to the provision of the necessary support required by the patient (Davies, 2014). To be an empathetic professional a nurse should only take her time to analyze and comprehend what the patent is going through. At the same time, a nurse should share the feelings by pretending to be in a similar position. Showing empathy to a patient can be an important skill in therapeutic nursing. It can enable a nurse to show concern because of the feeling of sharing the patients problems (Dearing Steadman, 2009). When a nurse have an emotional attachment with the patent, it can be much easier for her to deliver a supportive care that can be of great value to the patient. This is why all nurses are encouraged to be empathetic because it can prepare them to provide a therapeutic and holistic care to the patient. Trust Trust is a characteristic of therapeutic care. The nurse should be a trustworthy practitioner who can win the confidence of a patient. Whenever a patient seeks for healthcare services, they want to be provided with high quality services which can satisfy the needs. Therefore, to achieve this, the nurse should be ready to display a high degree of trust (Feo, Rasmussen, Wiechula, Conroy Kitson, 2017). The feeling of being served by a trustworthy nurse can make the patient to be satisfied and contented with the organization. What the nurse should do to implement trust is to be honest in his activities. Meaning, a nurse requires being a practitioner who is guided by the principle of truth. The nurse should always speak the truth no matter how challenging it might be. At the same time, the nurse should be ready to serve the patient with integrity (Din Gastmans, 2012). The nurse should also create a trust by becoming influential. This can help the nurse to appeal to the patient and make them to feel satisfied. Moreover, the nurse can implement this strategy by enhancing the self-esteem of the patient (Pullen Jr Mathias, 2010). All patients are human beings who want to feel valued. Therefore, the nurse should treat them as valuable people who are respected and considered as important people in the treatment process. These strategies can make the patient feel secure and confidence because they are cared for and treated with the respect that they deserve (Robinson, 2016). The end result of applying these pri nciples is that there will be a cordial relationship between the nurse and the patient. All the nurses who apply this strategy always succeed in delivering therapeutic care to the patients. Rapport Therapeutic care requires the nurse to create a good rapport with the patient. a rapport can enable the nurse to be so close to the patient. A rapport can be established by using verbal and non-verbal communication strategies. Since therapeutic nursing is an engagement which takes place face-to-face, it can be a brilliant idea if a nurse has excellent verbal and non-verbal skills. Verbal skills refer to the strategies that can be used by an individual when engaging in a direct engagement which takes place orally (Din Gastmans, 2013). Here, an individual should know how to produce words, project the voice, articulate words, and use language. On the other hand, non-verbal strategies differ from verbal skills because it entails the usage of certain cues such as gesture. Therefore, for a nurse to deliver therapeutic care to the patient, a nurse should be ready to perfectly combine and tactfully balance the verbal and non-verbal skills strategies. When it comes to verbal skills, therapeutic care dictates that a nurse should have a proper usage of language. For the intended message to reach the patient unaltered a nurse should use a simple, clear, and precise language (Casella, 2015). At no any given time should a nurse use jargons and complex words which can unnecessarily complicate the message and prevent the patient from understanding it. At the same time, for a nurse to ensure that the message is delivered, the nurse should properly articulate words and be audible right from the beginning up to the very end (Brownie, Scott Rossiter, 2016). On the other hand, the nurse should make a correct use of non-verbal cues like body movement, hand expression, facial expression, and gesture. The use of these non-verbal symbols can enable to create a close and cordial relationship with the patient. Conclusion In conclusion, therapeutic care is the best kind of service that nurses should be provide to the patient. It goes beyond the ordinary care because it gives a nurse an ample opportunity to therapeutically engage the patient, listen to them, and understand their needs, before making an informed decision on the most suitable intervention to provide. However, for nurses to deliver therapeutic care, the practitioners should acquire and apply fundamental skills such as critical listening, empathy, cultural acceptance, and verbal and non-verbal communication skills. It can therefore be a good thing if all the Australian nurses possess the skills because it can enable them to deliver therapeutic care to the satisfaction of all the patients. References Bramhall, E. (2014). Effective communication skills in nursing practice.Nursing standard,29(14), 53-59. Brownie, S., Scott, R., Rossiter, R. (2016). Therapeutic communication and relationships in chronic and complex care.Nursing Standard,31(6), 54-63. Casella, S. M. (2015). Therapeutic rapport: The forgotten intervention.Journal of Emergency Nursing,41(3), 252. Davies, N. (2014). Empathic nursing: going the extra mile.Practice Nursing,25(4), 198-202. Dearing, K. S., Steadman, S. (2009). Enhancing intellectual empathy: the lived experience of voice simulation.Perspectives in Psychiatric Care,45(3), 173-182. Din, L., Gastmans, C. (2013). Trust in nursepatient relationships: A literature review.Nursing ethics,20(5), 501-516. Din, L., Gastmans, C. (2012). Trust and trustworthiness in nursing: an argument?based literature review.Nursing inquiry,19(3), 223-237. Feo, R., Rasmussen, P., Wiechula, R., Conroy, T., Kitson, A. (2017). Developing effective and caring nurse-patient relationships.Nursing Standard,31(28), 54-63. Pullen Jr, R. L., Mathias, T. (2010). Fostering therapeutic nurse-patient relationships. Robinson, C. A. (2016). Trust, health care relationships, and chronic illness: a theoretical coalescence.Global Qualitative Nursing Research,3, 2333393616664823. Shipley, S. D. (2010, April). Listening: A concept analysis. InNursing forum(Vol. 45, No. 2, pp. 125-134). Blackwell Publishing Inc. Zarzycka, D., ?lusarska, B., Dobrowolska, B., Deluga, A., Trojanowska, A., Barto?, E. (2016). Empathy in nursing. Assumptions, practice and its empirical determinants.Pielegniarstwo XXI wieku/Nursing in the 21st Century,15(3), 33-38.